Economics
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Brent Crude
Brent Crude serves as a pivotal global benchmark, setting the price for two-thirds of the world's internationally traded crude oil supplies, particularly those from the Atlantic basin. Initially, it referred to a "sweet light" crude oil first extracted from the North Sea's Brent oilfield starting in 1976. As production from this field ...
Debt crisis
A debt crisis occurs when a government becomes unable to repay its financial obligations, typically resulting from prolonged expenditures exceeding tax revenues. This dire situation can lead to a "debt wall," where a nation's reliance on foreign capital ceases, causing its currency to devalue significantly and making f...
Income distribution
Income distribution examines how a country's total economic output, or GDP, is shared among its population, a fundamental concern in economics that directly relates to economic inequality. Historically, economists like Adam Smith (1723–1790) focused on how income was distributed among factors of production (land, labor...
Inflation
Inflation is an economic concept where the average price of goods and services increases, leading to a reduction in the purchasing power of money, typically measured by a Consumer Price Index (CPI) as an annualized percentage change. This phenomenon is often attributed to fluctuations in demand, supply, or inflation expectations, impac...
Economic policy of the Najib Razak government
During Najib Razak's premiership from 2009 to 2018, Malaysia's economic policy marked a significant departure from previous state-centric approaches, ushering in an era of economic liberalization. A cornerstone of this shift was the New Economic Model (NEM), announced in 2009. The NEM's ambitious goal was to transform ...
Trade war
A trade war is an economic conflict where countries impose retaliatory tariffs and other trade barriers, often stemming from protectionist policies, in response to similar measures by opposing parties. These conflicts can escalate significantly, as evidenced by the Anglo-Dutch Wars over trade routes an...
Cryptocurrency and crime
Here's a comprehensive summary of the article on cryptocurrency and crime:
Cryptocurrency crime, encompassing theft, fraud, money laundering, and "cryptojacking" (where resources are hijacked for mining), represents a growing global concern. While a small percentage of total transactions, illicit activities are substantial, with...
Space trade
Space trade refers to all exchanges of goods and services related to space travel, exploration, and colonization, envisioned as crucial for the economic viability and self-sufficiency of future human settlements. Experts like Robert Zubrin suggest that a Martian colony could prosper from astero...
BNY Investments
BNY Investments, one of the world's largest asset managers operating a multi-boutique model, traces its origins to the July 2007 merger of BNY Asset Management and the significantly larger Mellon Asset Management, forming BNY Mellon Investment Management (BNY Mellon IM). After its creation, the firm aggressively expanded, acquiring Bra...
Balance of trade
The balance of trade represents the monetary difference between a nation's exports and imports of goods (and sometimes services) over a specific time. A country achieves a trade surplus when exports surpass imports, while a deficit occurs when imports are greater; notably, modern economists widely reject the idea that trade deficits ar...
Economic theory of museums
The economic theory of museums, a relatively recent field of cultural economics, emerged in the 1980s to analyze how these institutions function economically, treating them as either economic units with inputs and outputs or as neoclassical agents maximizing objectives under resource constraints. This analysis critically examines how d...
Corporate finance
Corporate finance is a crucial field that deals with how businesses secure funding, manage their capital structure, and strategically allocate resources to maximize shareholder value. It primarily encompasses capital budgeting, for deciding long-term investments, and working capital management, for han...